Application of Smart Farming Technologies in Sustainable Agriculture Development: A Comprehensive Review on Present Status and Future Advancements

The pressure on agricultural food production to produce high-quality and sustainable food has increased dramatically as a result of global urbanization, population growth and climate change. Food shortage and population expansion are two of the world's major challenges to long-term sustainable development. So, in recent years technological development such as smart farming has resulted substantial changes in the agricultural production allowing for 3rd green revolution and progression in farming methods. Smart farming (SF) is a method of agricultural production that integrates information and communication technologies to maximise resource efficiency. Smart farming technologies such as automated tractors, artificial agricultural intelligence (AAI), automated irrigation and weather forecasting, Internet of Things (IoT), kisan drones and remote sensing (GIS and GPS) can provide realistic solutions to the world's challenges. The accurate application of this technology in conjunction with the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to be a beneficial for the farmers to improve their living standards through increased production and profit which is a good indicator for sustainable food security. However, due to lack of internet access, high costs and lack of application knowledge there are still barriers to the adaptation and conversion of smart farming. As a result, more research is needed in this area.