Study of Relationships of Various Factors Leading to Premature Birth at the University Teaching Hospital of Bogodogo (UTH-B) in Ouagadougou from January to June 2021

Objective: To study the risk factors associated with premature birth at the Bogodogo University Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective analytical case-control study involving 115 cases of premature delivery and 230 controls, i.e. two controls per case, recruited over a 6-month period from January to June 2021. The study was conducted at the maternity ward of the Bogodogo University Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou. The notion of stillbirth was a criterion for non-inclusion in the group of cases whose inclusion gestational age varied from 28 to 37 weeks of amenorrhea.
Results: During the study period, the preterm birth rate was 6.1%. Univariate analysis identified the following factors associated with preterm birth: maternal age OR=0.4 [0.2-0.8], history of abortion OR=3.3 [1.43-7.6], stress OR=4.03 [2.14-3.39], insufficient Antenatal Care (ANC) OR=4.92 [3.03-8], fever during pregnancy OR=1, 59 [1.01-2.5], rupture of membranes OR=3.72 [1.11-4.34], episode of urinary tract infection OR=2.55 [1.55-4.19] and previous threat of preterm birth OR=3.3 [1.43-7.6].
Conclusion: Premature delivery is very common at the UTH-Bogodogo in Ouagadougou. There are many factors associated with this scourge, including the patient's socio-demographic characteristics and clinical features. The fight against this situation, which is a source of neonatal morbidity, must be reinforced during the refocused antenatal consultation.