“To Do or Not to Do—That Is the Question”. Transvascular Needle Aspiration during EBUS (EBUS-TVNA) with Review of the Literature

Introduction: Large vessels are often encountered during endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS). Safety of traversing the vessels weighed against a more invasive procedure can be a dilemma. Material and methods: We describe a case series of 8 patients who underwent transvascular needle aspiration during EBUS, to access a lesion in the absence of an alternate safe window. A 21 gauge EBUS needle was used to traverse either the main or a major branch of the pulmonary artery. Results: Malignancy was suspected at ROSE in five cases. Granuloma and necrosis noted in 2 cases were confirmed as tubercu-losis on culture. Diagnostic yield of EBUS-TVNA was 87.5% (7/8). No complications were noted in the immediate post-operative period as well as during 6 months of follow up. Conclusion: EBUS-TVNA in carefully selected patients is a feasible alternative to more invasive procedures with excellent yield. Appropriate intraoperative, perioperative and postoperative monitoring and care must be available in the case of fatal bleeds.