Pseudo-pericarditis: A Newest Finding for Diagnosis of Theileriosis in Large Ruminants

Theileriosis is one of the burning healthcare issues in large ruminants. Pale mucus membrane, enlarged lymph nodes, pyrexia, and jaundice are typical and familiar clinical signs of theileriosis. One more clinical feature is revealed, i.e., pseudo-pericarditis, which can aid in diagnosis. It is a rare circulatory system disorder that exhibits slight jugular engorgement and edema up to the ventral abdomen. The present chapter is more emphasis on the new sign of theileriosis. History of frequent pyrexia, inappetence, respiratory distress, jugular vein engorgement, and thoracic and ventral edema are standard features of pseudo-pericarditis associated with theileriosis. PCR can be used to validate the results of blood smear and lymph node aspiration examinations. Besides this, ultrasonography clinically helps diagnose anechoic fluid accumulation around the heart. The animal can be effectively treated with five-day parenteral Oxytetracycline, Meloxicam, Frusemide, and supportive hematinics. Gradually, the animal showed signs of recovery within a week and resumed normal appetite.