Implication of Nephropathy in Sickle Cell Anaemia

Aim: This study sought to investigate the effect of sickle cell anemia on kidney using endogenous biomarkers.

Methodology: This study is a case-control study which enrolled 60 sickle cell anemia patients (30 males and 30 females) in a stable state at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria, as well as 60 healthy controls (30 males and 30 females). Each participant had five millilitres (5 mL) of venous blood taken and dispensed into a lithium heparin sample vial. Renal biomarkers were assessed using established procedures utilizing the blood sample. Urinalysis was also conducted for 41 sickle cell patients and 11 control subjects.

Results: According to the findings of this investigative study, renal indices, except uric acid were lower in sickle cell anemia patients than in control subjects and are related to glomerular hyperfiltration in sickle cell nephropathy. It is noteworthy that the effect of sickle cell anemia on renal parameters was stronger in male patients than in females. Furthermore, the identical plasma creatinine levels could be attributed to the sickle cell participants' similarities in muscle mass. Protein was found in the urine of 21.95% of sickle cell patients.

Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that kidney abnormality could be implicated in sickle anemia.